Transactions of the illuminating engineering society 2016 11. The electric field set up inside the tube causes ions present in the gas to move with high speeds. Listed electric discharge or listed lightemitting diodetype luminaires 2 listed incandescent luminaires, where supplied at 120 volts or less from the output. Nec 2017 code changes chapter 3 wiring methods and. Click download or read online button to get electric discharge lamps book now. Science the first electric powered lamp for public lighting, it was a free burning carbon electrode arc able to produce stable white light during 1020 h by keeping. The light produced by passing electric current through vapour or gas is of a higher intensity than light produced by passing electricity through filaments.
Electric discharge and fluorescence light is often produced when an electric current passes through a gas. Discharge lamp definition of discharge lamp by merriam. Comparison between discharge and led lighting fixtures. Fleschlight and light sources highintensity discharge lampswith 226 figures, 5 in col. Discharge lamps have a negative currentvoltage characteristic. Nec 2017 code changes chapter 2 wiring and protection changes from the 2014 code are highlighted in yellow. How to handle fluorescent and highintensity discharge lamps each year, florida businesses discard millions of lamps containing small amounts of mercury. What are the characteristics of electricdischarge lamps.
Hid lamps provide light from an electric discharge or arc and have a negative resistance characteristic that would cause them to draw excessive current leading to instant lamp destruction if operated directly from line voltage. Electric discharge lamp article about electric discharge. Electric discharge tubes or discharge lamps sparkgaps h01t. Electronic ballast for fluorescent lamps objective the objective of this experiment is to understand the role of ballast in fluorescent lighting systems and the advantages of fluorescent lamps driven by electronic ballast over the conventional incandescent lamps. Highintensity discharge lamps hid lamps are a type of electrical gas discharge lamp which produces light by means of an electric arc between tungsten electrodes housed inside a translucent or transparent fused quartz or fused alumina arc tube. Of the electric discharge lamps, the fluorescent lamp gives off a neutral white light, the sodiumvapour lamp emits a yelloworange light, and the mercuryvapour lamp gives off a whitish bluegreen light. Photometry and colorimetry of fluorescent and other electric. Most lamps are filled with additional materials, like mercury, sodium, andor metal halides. Wilson on electric discharge lamps and their applications to. Waymouth remarks that well over half the total amount of light produced in this country, and perhaps the world, is produced by electric discharge lamps. Explain why discharge lamps emit only certain colors.
In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to know and speak the laws that govern them. Types include fluorescent, mercury vapor, metal halide, and high and lowpressure sodium. Us2103041a us97278a us9727836a us2103041a us 2103041 a us2103041 a us 2103041a us 97278 a us97278 a us 97278a us 9727836 a us9727836 a us 9727836a us 2103041 a us2103041 a us 2103041a authority us united states prior art keywords container electrodes appendage discharge lamp electric discharge prior art date 19350829 legal status the legal status is an assumption and is not. Discharge lamp definition of discharge lamp by merriamwebster. Lamps led discharge induction fluorescent lamps hid lamps linear compact fluorescent low pressure sodium mercury high pressure sodium metal halide standard incandescent lamps halogen lamps image by mit opencourseware. Highintensity discharge lamp a lamp that produces light by passing an electrical current through a gas or vapor under high pressure. Electric discharge lamps may be named after the filling gas or vapor that is responsible for the major portion of the radiation. Nec 2017 code changes chapter 3 wiring methods and materials. This process is known as electric discharge, or gaseous discharge. Auxiliary equipment of electricdischarge lamps informational note.
The french inventor georges claude was the first to use neon gas, about 1910. At the tenth annual conference at margate of the association of public lighting engineers, a paper was read on september 5 by mr. Mercury vapor lamps consist of an inner arc discharge tube constructed of quartz. Electric discharge lamps download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl. If some gas at low pressure is contained in a tube fitted with metal electrodes at each end the gas glows with a characteristic colour when a high voltage is applied to the electrodes.
Discharge lamps generate electromagnetic radiation by means of an electric current passing through a gas or metal vapor. Discharge lamp definition is an electric lamp in which an enclosed gas or vapor glows or causes a phosphor coating on the lamp s inner surface to glow. The french astronomer jean picard observed 1675 a faint glow in a mercurybarometer tube when it was agitated, but the cause of the glow. Gas discharge lamps are a family of artificial light sources that generate light by sending an. What are the different types of lights in lighting system. Electric discharge an overview sciencedirect topics. Construction, working and applications of following lamps. This radiation is discrete, as opposed to the continuous radiation emitted by an incandescent filament. Mar 15, 2020 in a carbon arc lamp, the electrodes are in contact at first which is in air.
In addition to the most important light sources fluorescent and highpressure discharge. Auxiliary equipment of electric discharge lamps informational note. Electric discharge tubes or discharge lamps sparkgaps. Gases such as neon, argon, krypton, mercury, and xenon allow electricdischarge lamps to be used in a. Publishers pdf, also known as version of record includes final page, issue and. Since then there has been significant improvements in different types of bulbs and their efficiencies.
Although the first discharge lamps were carbon arc lamps used briefly for street lighting near the turn of the century, it was not until the 1940s that discharge lamps in the form of fluorescent lamps came into common usage. Electric discharge lamp, lighting device consisting of a transparent container within which a gas is energized by an applied voltage and thereby made to glow. The lamp was invented at least as early as 70,000 bce. Provide a basic design for a discharge lamp and explain the function of the different components. When lamps are broken or placed in a landill or incinerator, the mercury can contaminate the air, surface water and ground water. Typically, such lamps use a noble gas argon, neon, krypton and xenon or a mixture of these gases. Discharge lamps 10 neon discharge lamps neon lamp metal electrodes inject free charges into dilute neon plasma formsa vapor of charged particles electric field causes current to flow in the plasma current is mostly electrons streaming toward positive electrons often collide violently with neon atoms discharge lamps 11.
There are different types of lights or lamps around, and they all being designed with a conceived image in mind. Electric discharge in gases occurs when electric current flows through a gaseous medium due to ionization of the gas. Information about electricdischarge lamp in the dictionary, synonyms and antonyms. The passage of an electric current through this gasvapour produces light or ultraviolet radiation. Different type of lamps for luminous electrical notes. Nec 2017 code changes chapter 2 wiring and protection. Light emitting diodes leds miniature and subminiature incandescent lamps. Listed electricdischarge or listed lightemitting diodetype luminaires 2 listed incandescent luminaires, where supplied at 120 volts or less from the output. In nearly all cases lamps are marked with a general electric trade number recorded with the american national standards. A choke is provided as a ballast an electrical device for starting and regulating fluorescent and discharge lamps which gives high impulse about 1200 v for starting and later on, maintain 230 v. Gas discharge lamps are a family of artificial light sources that generate light by sending an electric discharge through an ionized gas, a plasma.
Secondary wiring to electricdischarge lamps of volts or less, if insulated. The ballast is a power supply for arc discharge lamps. The character of the gas discharge critically depends on the frequency or modulation of the current. Ansi american national hidhigh intensity discharge s. Gasdischarge lamps are a family of artificial light sources that generate light by sending an electric discharge through an ionized gas, a plasma. Lowpressure sodium lamps are highly efficient electrical light sources, but their yellow light restricts applications to outdoor lighting, such as street lamps, where they are widely used. Details of electric discharge tubes or discharge lamps, including details applicable to both discharge devices and incandescent lamps. Its scope has been limited, however, to a few sources which together. Definition of electricdischarge lamp in the dictionary. Hid lamps have a long life and consume little energy. Its scope has been limited, however, to a few resources which together. From about 1900, practical electric discharge lamps were in use in europe and the united states. As a result of this, the electric current gets heated and the arc is maintained between the electrodes.
Hid lamps have a long life and consume little energy to produce a great amount of light. A lamp in which light is produced by an electric discharge between electrodes in a gas at low or high pressure. Skf electric discharge detector pen tked 1 video dailymotion. Typically, such lamps use a noble gas argon, neon, krypton, and xenon or a mixture of these gases. Discharge lamps physics homework help, physics assignments. This tube is filled with noble gas and often also contains suitable metal or metal salts. Electric discharge lamps are more efficient and have a longer life than filament based lamps incandescent lamps. A high degree of visibility is attained, and objects on the roadway can be clearly seen for an unusually long distance. In electric discharge lamps, light is produced by 1 cathode ray emission 2 ionization in a gas or vapours 3 heating effect of current 4 magnetic effect of current. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. If the supply of electrical charge is continuous, the discharge is.
Some include additional substances, like mercury, s. Several types of lamps produce light by establishing a permanent electric arc in a gas. This book brings together an extraordinary amount of data on all the major types of electric discharge lamps which. Nec 2017 code changes chapter 3 wiring methods and materials changes from the 2014 code are highlighted in yellow. Jul 29, 2015 download electric discharge lamps pdf free. How to handle fluorescent and highintensity discharge lamps. Find out information about electric discharge lamp. Types of highintensity discharge lamps mercury vapor lamps mercury vapor lamps are widely used to light both indoor and outdoor areas such as gymnasiums, factories, department stores, banks, highways, parks, and sports fields. A discharge lamp consists essentially of a tube of glass, quartz or other suitable material, containing a gas and, in most cases, a metal vapour. Depending on several factors, the discharge may radiate visible light.
Gasdischarge lamps are a family of artificial light sources that generate light by sending an electrical discharge through an ionized gas. Because of the powerful intensity of the arc lamp, there was a demand for the subdivision of light and this culminated, in 1879, in the invention of the incandescent filament lamp. In highintensity discharge hid lamps, current mode control is. Luminescent lamps, which produce less heat than incandescent lamps, include electric discharge lamps, semiconductor lamps, and chemical lamps. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed. An electrical discharge results from the creation of a conducting path between two points of different electrical potential in the medium in which the points are immersed. The ballast ensures the lamp stays lit by managing the distribution of energy. Electric discharge lamps work by passing electric current through vapour or gas. In that ruling, customs and border protection cbp classified the led lamp under heading 8539, htsus, which provides for electrical filament or discharge lamps, including sealed beam lamp units and ultraviolet or infrared lamps. Discharge lamp definition, a lamp in which light is produced by an electric discharge in a gasfilled glass enclosure. Electric discharge machining is a method of machining in which, as shown in figure 1, when an electrode and a workpiece are brought closer to each other with pulse voltage being applied between them, dielectric breakdown occurring at a certain distance between them triggers discharge, whose high temperature and pressure in turn cause part of the workpiece to be melted and blown. This article provides the general requirements for branch circuits.
However, they distort the color rendition of objects and are used mostly as ambient lighting for commercial interiors. A lossfree resistorbased versatile ballast for discharge lamps. Jul 22, 2019 in the 19th century, the first practical incandescent lamp was invented by thomas edison and joseph swan. Chapter low pressure discharge lamps slide 14 incoherent light sources prof. A sodiumvapor lamp is a gasdischarge lamp that uses sodium in an excited state to produce light at a characteristic wavelength near 589 nm two varieties of such lamps exist. Performance requirements electric ballasts, discharge lamps, lighting equipment, performance, waveforms, shortcircuit current tests, sodiumvapour lamps, mercuryvapour lamps, testing conditions, electrical impedance. Us2283189a us40021641a us2283189a us 2283189 a us2283189 a us 2283189a us 40021641 a us40021641 a us 40021641a us 2283189 a us2283189 a us 2283189a authority us united states prior art keywords tube filament bomb wires end prior art date 19381222 legal status the legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Ballasts for discharge lamps excluding tubular fluorescent lamps. Expired lifetime application number us97278a inventor rompe robert thouret wolfgang.
Mar 20, 2011 hid lamps provide light from an electric discharge or arc and have a negative resistance characteristic that would cause them to draw excessive current leading to instant lamp destruction if operated directly from line voltage. Electricdischarge lamp definition of electricdischarge. The properties of electric discharges in gases are studied in connection with design of lighting sources and in the design of high voltage electrical equipment. The article traces the story of the electric lamp, which began when, in 1810, davy demonstrated the now legendary bright carbon arc that led, in 1850, to the production of practical arc lamps. Discharge lamp article about discharge lamp by the free. Single contact standards institute hirhalogen infrared spec. Explain the basic structure of an atom and relate it to the color of light produced by discharge lamps. Electric lamp definition of electric lamp by the free. After practical generators were devised in the 19th century, many experimenters applied electric power to tubes of gas. Secondary wiring to electric discharge lamps of volts or less, if insulated for the secondary voltage involved, shall be permitted to occupy the same luminaire, sign, or outline lighting enclosure as the branchcircuit conductors. Also known as electric discharge lamp explanation of discharge lamp. Electricdischarge lamps may be named after the filling gas or vapor that is responsible for the major portion of the radiation. Electronic operation and control of highintensity gas discharge lamps.
An estimated two billion electric discharge lamps are currently in existence worldwidel. This book brings together an extraordinary amount of data on all the major types of electric discharge lamps which are now in commercial use. Photometry and colorimetry of fluorescent and other. Device used with an electric discharge light source to obtain the necessary circuit conditions of voltage, current and waveform for starting and operating. We see a burst of this light in the sparks of static electricity or lightning. Electric discharge lamp a lamp that generates light by passing an electric arc through a space filled with a specially formulated mixture of gases.
Some include additional substances, like mercury, sodium, and metal halides, which are vaporized during startup to become part of the gas mixture. Photometry and colorimetry of fluorescent and other electric discharge lamps g. A lamp that produces light by passing an electrical current through a gas or vapor under high pressure. Proper usage and audio pronunciation plus ipa phonetic transcription of the word electricdischarge lamp. Lamp, a device for producing illumination, consisting originally of a vessel containing a wick soaked in combustible material, and subsequently such other lightproducing instruments as gas and electric lamps. In a metal some of the electrons are free to move from one atom to another, so that if a potential difference is applied to rhe ends of a wire there will be a steady drift. Other advantages of the electronic ballasts are that the light is flickerfree and there is the.
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